DOT's SPACE

A little bit about mobile, the Internet and research in these areas…

9 months of Android Programming

About 9 months ago, I started my first endeavour into Android programming by porting the former Java MIDP platform NORS onto Android, now released as the AIRS platform. It was positively surprising how quickly I made progress. AIRS has progressed since with many sensors being added and stability having improved. While NORS suffered constant instability (on my latest Nokia phone, the software barely ran longer than 30 mins before needing a restart), AIRS can now record an entire day for the personal recordings that I am currently doing. I usually start in the morning and quit AIRS when coming back from work.

That says a lot about the stability provided by the Android platform. Considering the wide variety that I am usually recording (ranging from GPS over Bluetooth, sensors like pressure, light and proximity as well as system info such as RAM, running tasks, battery etc), this stability is indeed surprising and encouraging.

What has been even more encouraging is the usage of the Android market to disseminate the software. While AIRS is hosted as an open source project on Github, it was the release on the Android market that has led to now more than 2000 downloads of the software (with more than 300 people still having AIRS installed on their devices). Given that AIRS is only recording (Dana Pavel has recently agreed to include her parsing software into the open source release!), it is surprising that so many people tried out the software. With the Android Market providing a very good model for error tracking (these errors reported by end users who click the “Report” button on each force close of the software), the software can be constantly improved and stabilised. This shows the power of the “app model“, where ideas can be easily released and therefore tested by a wider audience.

This is even more important for software released as a result of research projects since it opens up a new and promising route for exploitation and dissemination. Based on the encouraging results from AIRS, we recently added this route for dissemination to a project proposal we submitted for funding. Furthermore, current efforts at Cambridge University aim at porting the PURSUIT project prototype Blackadder onto Android. Also for this effort, we plan to release the port to the Android market, provided that we solve certain usability and usage issues.

9 months into Android programming, my intermediary conclusion of this ‘experiment’ is very positive and I encourage other researchers to utilize the power of the “app model” for their research dissemination efforts. It is well worth!

AIRS Released as an Android Version of NORS

NORS has been an effort of mine for some years now, establishing a mobile-centric sensing platform that allows for gathering a large variety of phone and sensor information through the mobile phone.

However, MIDP as a Java platform is less and less common in modern smartphones – Android as well as iOS did not adopt MIDP but their own platforms while the future of Symbian phones is well-known. With that, a MIDP-based platform made less and less sense.

Hence, I decided to invest the time to port NORS to Android. I chose Android over iOS due to its openness compared to iOS and the feature richness. As it turned out, the porting of core features of NORS (such as the event distribution engine) was extremely fast since Android is utilizing Java for development. Only the GUI and the workings of background sensing needed Android-specific implementation.

The result of these efforts has finally been released: AIRS (Android Remote Sensing)!

It is now available as an open source project on Github as well as a packaged application on the Android market! Its current version supports more than 45 sensors of various kinds, including call logs, received SMSs, orientation, light, GPS, and many more.

On this site, you can also find an online manual, which I will update as AIRS will develop. Do look through the manual if you want to understand how it works. And of course, try out AIRS and send me feedback for feature requests and bug reports!

And NORS? Well, it’s open source so anybody can develop it further. But I will concentrate my future efforts on AIRS so that NORS is likely to be discontinued.

Getting more and more mobile

It all started with changing my mobile phone some time in July. I changed from Nokia to Android, as reported earlier on this blog. It was a leap forward in going mobile, although I had been quite mobile already.
Some two weeks ago, I went further by getting a Android tab. It’s the Samsung Galaxy Tab, to be precise. So my phone got something of a big brother, if you will. It’s configured similarly although its phone functionality is unused.
Getting more mobile means to me that I’m doing hardly anything anymore on my private laptop. Even this blog entry is written on the tab (could also use my phone). It’s just so easy. And the software is so amazing, it just works.
Other usages include watching iplayer, movies, surfing and the frequent Facebook. Such fun…
It’ll be interesting to see what the mobile technology will bring in the next two years. I can’t wait.

2010 – Mobile Data Adoption Being Done Harmful

It’s 2010. I remember all the cute scenarios – the mock-up demos – about the evolution of 3G. Spectrum being locked away, given exclusively to operators for the evolution of mobile data towards a better world. People walking around with video telephony to their loved ones. Augmented reality for better understanding the real world and your surroundings. All smiling people, all beautiful.

It’s 2010 – time for a reality check. The mobile world is still mostly about two things: voice and SMS. It’s the two innovations that operators seemingly milk to death, if they can. And this obviously under minimal build-out of infrastructure. Maximizing CAPEX and OPEX – that’s what matters. Innovation? “Hang on, nobody told us about that”. Where are the many services, demonstrated so many years ago as the evolution of mobile technology?

Operators are notoriously bad in innovation and new services – the speed is set by others. And that is good. I hate relying on single innovators. I never believed in the ability of operators and vendors to bring us the services and applications that we might want – the flashy demos come back my mind. Who has ever used the video calling functionality in their mobile phone (being available since the Nokia 6630 many years back)?

The iPhone, and now also Android, has brought us the ability to get what we want – “there is an app for that”. Since I got my Android phone, I have most of things I wanted to do on my mobile. I can do Augmented Reality (a first version, at least) or video calling or location services of all sorts or …and this ability increases almost daily.

But there’s one thing I need: decent pricing for data. I’ve got flat rate pricing, alright. In my home country, that is. But the most appalling thing in 2010 is the pricing for data, in particular when roaming. I’m tired and sick, as a European, to provide a guarantee for printing money to operators by dearly paying for roaming once I set my foot into another European country. It has ensured income for operators for far too long and it needs to stop, if mobile data applications are ever to become ubiquitous. Unfortunately, I have little hope that operators themselves will see the non-sense behind this and adopt a more “give it to them and they will use it more” strategy. Short-term milking the revenue cow seems to be driving the strategy and therefore prevents the usage of your favourite apps (that you are used to at home) when you are abroad, at least in an affordable way.

Regulation has been active though in this! The EU has taken action – I’m glad. It’s forced the operators to make data roaming simpler – “a victory for consumers”. REALLY? How stupid do legislators and regulators believe people are?

Here is a copy of an SMS from Vodafone, received in February 2010 when entering Germany:

Welcome to GERMANY. VF Passport calls are 75p per call+home rate/bundled mins to make and receive. SMS’s are 11p & max pic msg 183p. Data is 0.5p per KB up to 1MB (£4.99 inc vat). The next 24MB is free then £4.99/25MB. Sessions reset at 00:00GMT. Call 4636 for free pricing info & 112 for emergency svcs.

It’s the friendly reminder you receive when you roam into a country. As you can see, data roaming is progressive in tariff here. I pay per KB, which is brilliant for email checking. Once I hit 1MB for £4.99, I will have the next 24MB free, i.e., I get 25MB for £5. That’s not cheap but ok.

This has all changed now. The EU thought that pricing of that sort is too difficult for consumers (who can really multiply these days?) and charges must be capped (I agree but that does not warrant a change in tariff, only – well – a cap, really).

The new, consumer-friendly, tariff for Vodafone is now “Just £1 for 1MB”. That’s brilliant, isn’t it? And it’s capped somewhere near £40 (I believe, never bothered to check – won’t roam for £40!!!). But hang on…

Sure, data pricing got simpler. I can easily compute it (could do this before, but never mind). And the single MB is seemingly cheaper (paid £5 for 1MB before, now £1). But a real data service needs more than 1MB anyways. Fire up Google maps on your phone and you’ll understand. So what do I get beyond 1MB? Well, 1MB for £1, right! That’s £5 for 5MB! Or £25 for 25MB!

It’s indeed all simpler but it’s also 5-times more expensive than just six months ago! I got 25MB for just £4.99! Now, after everything got so simple and consumer-friendly, it’s indeed 5 TIMES MORE!

I’m frustrated, more than annoyed. I haven’t used much data roaming for six months. The lack of a corporate account makes me think twice, under these rates, to use data while abroad. And I can imagine that even corporations reign in data usage by their employees. The most annoying thing is the damage done for Europe here. Given the many nations we have in Europe, all that is done here is hindering the adoption of mobile data even further. Sure, I can have flat data plans in my home country. But the reality is that many people travel or simply spend the weekend a few kilometers away in their neighboring country, just to be ripped off by their operator with a 5-time increase in roaming charge for their data service.

In the meanwhile, markets like the US are pushing towards the adoption of mobile data services, providing flat rate in a geography comparable to the EU. No roaming charge there (well, roaming outside US is quite expensive, too, but at least you can enjoy data in a large single space). So we shouldn’t be surprised about differences in mobile data uptake anymore.

Roaming has facilitated uptake of mobile telephony through the introduction of a common standard and the easy execution of roaming agreements. But it has, for too long now, provided a guarantee of income for operators that they apparently got too used for. The EU needs to reign in this short-term greed now and introduce data pricing caps – not for the total sum but the individual MB! Otherwise, I foresee increasing damage for Europe’s adoption of mobile services!

Mobile phone nostalgia

I just switched on my old Nokia N86. It was one of Nokia’s flagships just about a year ago. 8MP camera, AMOLED screen – it was one of the many N95 successors.
Switching the phone on is, however, like switching on your old DOS computer in times of Vista. Clunky & outdated springs to your mind when using it. It’s a shame really because it’s not a bad phone. But it’s just so many years behind what is possible today. How could it come so far?

I left Nokia in 2007, a company I loved to work for, yet knowing already back then that things were going horribly wrong. Chaos in strategy, lack of leadership, and arrogance all around. ‘ Because we are Nokia’ was an often used phrase in internal meeting, still seeing oneself in a position to dictate the market while the trends were already going in another direction.

I really hope that the company can turn it around. It’s done so much for mobile telephony, it would be a shame if the future was to be without them. But for that, the clutter needs to be removed – and I’m not only speaking of the outdated phone software here…